第1部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)

　　下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

　　1．The company has the right to end his employment at any time．

　　A．provide

　　B．stop

　　C．offer

　　D．continue

　　2．In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy．

　　A．reduces

　　B．drops

　　C．leaves

　　D．changes

　　3． She gave up her job and started writing poetry．

　　A．a(chǎn)bandoned

　　B．lost

　　C．took

　　D．created

　　4． We are happy to report that business is booming this year．

　　A．risky

　　B．successful

　　C．failing

　　D．open

　　5． We have been through some rough times together．

　　A．long

　　B．happy

　　C．difficult

　　D．short

　　6．The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village．

　　A．found

　　B．killed

　　C．jailed

　　D．caught

　　7． What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?

　　A．retirement

　　B．a(chǎn)dvertisement

　　C．replacement

　　D．a(chǎn)dvancement

　　8． I propose that we discuss this at the next meeting．

　　A．suggest

　　B．demand

　　C．order

　　D．request

　　9． Rodman met with Tony to try and settle the dispute over his contract．

　　A．solve

　　B．a(chǎn)void

　　C．mark

　　D．involve

　　10．Can you give a concrete example to support your idea?

　　A．specific

　　B．real

　　C．special

　　D．good

　　11．It was a fascinating pairing, with clever use of color and light．

　　A．large

　　B．wonderful

　　C．new

　　D．familiar

　　12．We have seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues．

　　A．quick

　　B．regular

　　C．clear

　　D．great

　　13．1 was shocked when I saw the size of the telephone bill．

　　A．excited

　　B．a(chǎn)ngry

　　C．lost

　　D．surprised

　　14．The police took fingerprints and identified the body．

　　A．recognized

　　B．missed

　　C．discovered

　　D．touched

　　15．If we lcave now, we should miss the traffic．

　　A．mix

　　B．stop

　　C．a(chǎn)void

　　D．direct

　　第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題,每題1分，共7分)

　　下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

　　A Great Quake Coming?

　　Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the bav area．Theyhad keen devastating in 1906，for example，a major quake destroyed about 28．000 buildings andkilled hundreds，perhaps thousands of people． Residents now wonder when the next"big one"willstrike．It's bound to happen someday．At least seven active fault(斷層)lines run through the SanFrancisco area．Faults are places where pieces of earth's crust(地殼)slide past each other．Whenthese pieces slip，the ground shakes．

　　To prepare for that day。scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens. One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas Fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time．During small earthquakes，faults rupture at about 2．7 kilometersper second．During bigger quakes，however，ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometersper second．

　　At such high speeds，massive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself．Lucky for San Fancisco，these pressure pulses(脈沖) traveled alway from the city duffng the 1906 event．As bad as the damage was，it could have been farWorse．

　　Looking ahead，scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur.Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906 event． Since then，the area has been relatively quiet．Pattems in the data，however，suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the bay area before 2032 is at least 62 percent．

　　New buildings in san Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes．Still，more than 84 percent of the city's buildings are old and weak．Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage．

　　People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty qmet for a while．Accoeding to the new research，however，it's not a matter of whether the big one will hit. It's just a matter of when．

　　16. The San Francisco area is located above several active fault lines．

　　A．right

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentiond

　　17．The 1906 earthquake in San Francisco is the most severe one in American history．

　　A．fight

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentioned

　　18．The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3．5 kilometers per second

　　A．fight

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentioned

　　19．Earthquakes rarely happened in San Francisco before 1906．

　　A．fight

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentioned

　　20．San Francisco is fully prepared for another big earthquake．

　　A．right

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentioned

　　21．Scientists will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon．

　　A．right

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentioned

　　22．A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable．

　　A．right

　　B．wrong

　　C．not mentiond

　　第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)

　　下面的短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第1～4段每段選擇1個最佳標(biāo)題；(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。

　　Cell Phones

　　1． Believe it or not，cell phones have been around for over a quarter of a century．The first commercial cell phone system was developed by the Japanese in 1979．But cell phones have changeda lot since that time．The early cell phones were big and heavy but they have developed into smalland light palm-sized models．There have been huge developments in their functions，too．We havehad cell forwarding，text messaging，answering services and hands-free use for years，but now thereare countless new facilities，such as instant access to the internet and receiving and sending photos．

　　2． Cell phones have become very common in our lives；recent statistics suggest as many as one in three people on the planet now have a cell phone，and most of them say they couldn't live without one．Cell phones are used in every area of our lives and have become a necessary tool，usedfor essential arrangements，social contact and business．They have made it easier to call for help onthe highway．They have made it possible to keep in touch with people"on the move"when peopleare traveling．

　　3． Cell phones have made communication easier and have reduced the need for family argu ments．We can use cell phones to let our family know we'll be late or if there's a change of plan oran emergency．Cell phones have eased the worries of millions of parents when their teenagers are outlate，they can now contact their children at any time．

　　4．This does not mean that cell phones are all good news．They have brought with them anumber of new headaches for their owners：it costs a lot to replace stolen phones，something that isbecoming a frequent occurrence，and have you ever seen such huge phone bills? More serious，however，is the potential health problem they bring：there are fears that radiation from the phones maycause brain tumor(腫瘤)。This may be a time bomb waiting to happen to younger people who havegrown up with cell phones that they simply can't live without．

　　23．Paragraph 1_________________

　　24．Paragraph 2_________________

　　25．Paragraph 3________________

　　26．Paragraph 4_________________

　　A．Cell phones and the family

　　B．Commercial cell phone systems

　　C．Cell phones in everyday life

　　D．Cell phones for teenagers

　　E．History of cell phones

　　F．Problems with cell phones

　　27．Nowadays cell phones are equipped with_______________

　　28．Cell phones are common in our lives and have become________________

　　29．We can use cell phones to communicate with others when we encounter_________________

　　30．In spite of many benefits，cell phones have brought for their owners_________________

　　A．a(chǎn) necessity．

　　B．a(chǎn)n emergency．

　　C．a(chǎn) number of new headaches．

　　D．family arguments．

　　E．big and light palm-sized models．

　　F.countless new facilities

　　第4部分：閱讀理解(第3l一45題，每題3分，共45分)

　　下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

　　第一篇

　　Arctic Melt

　　Earth's North and South Poles ale famous for being cold and icy．Last year，however，theamount of ice in the Arctic Ocean feU t0 a record low．

　　Normally，ice builds in Arctic waters around the North Pole each winter and shrinks during thesummer．But for many years，the amount of ice left by the end of summer has been declining．

　　Since 1979，each decade has seen an 11．4 percent drop in end of summer ice cover．Between1981 and 2000，ice in the Arctic lost 22 percent of its thickness，becoming 1．13 meters thinner．

　　Last summer，Arctic sea ice reached its skimpiest levels yet．By the end of summer 2007，theice had shrunk to cover iust 4．2 million square kilometers．That's 38 percent less area than the average cover at that time of year．And it's a very large 23 percent below the previous record low，whichwas set just 2 years ago．This continuing trend has scientists concerned．

　　There may be several reasons for the ice melt，says Jinlun Zhang，an oceanographer at the University of Washington at Seattle．Unusually strong winds blew through the Arctic last summer．Thewinds pushed much of the ice out of the central Arctic．leaving a large area of thin ice and open water．

　　Scientists also suspect that fewer clouds cover the Arctic now than in the past．Clearer skies allow more sunlight to reach the ocean．The extra heat warnls both the water and the atmosphere．Inparts of the Arctic Ocean last year，surface temperatures were 3．5℃ warmer than average and 1．5℃warmer than the previous record high．

　　With both air and water getting warmer，the ice is melting from both above and below．In someDarts 0f the Beaufort Sea，north of Alaska and western Canada，ice that measured 3．3 meters thickat the beginning of the summer measured just 50 centimeters by season's end．

　　The new measurements suggest that melting is far more severe than scientists have seen by justlooking at ice cover from above，says Donald K．Perovich，a geophysicist at the U．S．Army ColdRegions Research and Engineering Laboratory in Hanover，N．H．

　　Some scientists fear that the Arctic is stuck in a warming trend from which it may never recover．

　　31．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word"build"in the first sentence of the second paragraph?

　　A．construct

　　B．extend

　　C．create

　　D．expand

　　32．What is the ice cover in the Arctic by the end of 2007 summer?

　　A．4．2 million square kilometers

　　B．11．4 million square kilometers

　　C．1．13 million square kilometers

　　D．38 million square kilometers

　　33．What are the reasons for the ice melting according to the scientists?

　　A．strong winds and clear skies

　　B．long summer and short winter

　　C．open water and thin ice

　　D．light clouds and light winds

　　34．Why is the ice melting from both above and below?

　　A．Because extra heat warms the air．

　　B．Because extra heat warms the water．

　　C．Because the temperature above the water is higher．

　　D. Rnth A and B．

　　35．What can be a possible title for the passage?

　　A．What are scientists looking for in the Arctic Ocean?

　　B．What are scientists doing in the Arctic Ocean?

　　C．Why are scientists worrying about the Arctic Ocean?

　　D．Why are scientists interested in the Arctic Ocean?

　　第二篇

　　Citizen Scientists

　　Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycleevent-flowering，the appearance of leaves，the first frog calls of the spring all around the world．

　　But ecologists can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists，sometimes called citizen scientists，for help．

　　CIimate scientists are not present everywhere．Because there are so many places in the worldand not enough scientists to observe all of them，they're asking for your help in observing signs ofclimate change across the world．The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people too bserve a very specific research interest-birds，trees，flowers budding，etc．a(chǎn)nd send their observationsto a giant database to be observed by professional scientists．This helps a small number of scientiststrack a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own．Much like citizenjournalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat，citizen scientists are ready for theconditions where thev live． All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each weekto gather data and send it in．

　　A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology Network．"Phenology"is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.

　　One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year．The program，called Projeet BudBurst，collects life cycle da. ta on a variety of common plants from across the United States．People participating in the projectwhich is open to everyone record their observations on the Project BudBurst website．

　　"People don't have to be plant experts，they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood，"says Jennifer Schwartz，an education consultant with the project．"As we collectthis data．we'll be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes．"

　　36．Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens for help because they need them__________________．

　　A．to provide their personal life cycles

　　B．to observe the life cycle of plants

　　C．to collect data of the life cycle of living things

　　D．to teach children knowledge about climate change

　　37．What are citizen scientists asked to do?

　　A．To develop a specific research interest and become professional scientists．

　　B．To send their research observations to a professional database．

　　C．To increase their knowledge about climate change．

　　D．To keep a record of their research observations．

　　38．In"All that，s needed to become one…(paragraph2)"，what does the word"one"stands for?

　　A．a(chǎn) citizen journalist

　　B．a(chǎn) citizen scientist

　　C．a(chǎn) scientist

　　D．a(chǎn) citizen

　　39．What is NOT true of Project BudBurst?

　　A．Only experts can participate in it．

　　B．Everybody can participate in it．

　　C．It collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants．

　　D．It has its own website．

　　40．What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst?

　　A．To study when plants will have their first buds．

　　B．To find out the types of plants in the neighborhood．

　　C．To collect life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States．

　　D．To investigate how plants and animals will respond as the climate changes．

　　第三篇

　　Rockets in the Sky

　　If someone asked you．"What color is the sky?"I expect that you would answer，"Blue．"I amafraid that you would be wrong．The sky has no color．When we see blue，we are looking at bluesunlight．The sunlight is shining on little bits of dust in the air．

　　We know that there is air all around the world．We could not breathe without air．Airplanescoutd not fly without air．They need air to lift their wings．Airplanes cannot fly very high because asthey go higher the air gets thinner．If we go far enough away from the earth，we find there is no air. What is the sky?The sky is space．In this space there is nothing except the sun，the moon andall the stars．

　　Scientists have always wanted to know more about the other worlds in the space．They havelooked at them through telescopes and in this way they have found out a great deal．

　　The moon is about 384．000 kilometers away from the earth．An airplane cannot fly to the moonbut there is a thing that can fly even when there is no air．This is rocket．

　　I am sure that you are asking．"How does a rocket fly?"If you want to know，get a balloon andthen blow it up until it is quite big．Do not tie up the neck of the balloon．Let go!The balloon willfly off through the air very quickly．The air inside the balloon tries to get out．It rushes out through neck 0f the ballOOfl and this pushes the balloon through the air．It does not need wings like an air. plane．

　　This is how a rocket works．It is not made of rubber like a balloon，of course．It is made ofmetal．The metal must not be heavy but it must be very strong．There is gas inside the rocket whichis made very hot．When it rushes out of the end of the rocket，the rocket is pushed up into the air．

　　Rockets can fly far out into space．Rockets with men inside them have already reached themoon．Several rockets，without men inside them，have been sent to other worlds much farther away．

　　One day rockets may be able to go anywhere in the space．

　　41．What color is the sky?

　　A．It iS blue． B．It iS white．

　　C．It is grey．D．It has no color．

　　42．When an airplane flies too high，___________.

　　A．the air will be too thin to support its wings．

　　B．the air will become thicker．

　　C．the air will exert pressure on it．

　　D．the air will disappear in no time．

　　4 3．A rocket can fly to the moon because__________

　　A．it looks like a balloon．

　　B．it is much lighter than an airplane．

　　C．it doesn't have wings．

　　D．it works like an untied balloon．

　　44．Which of the following statements about a rocket is NOT true?

　　A．It can fly when there is no air．

　　B．It can fly without wings．

　　C．It is made of strong metal．

　　D．It is propelled by burning gas inside it．

　　45．A rocket is pushed up into the air when__________

　　A．hot gas rushes out of its head．

　　B．it is powered by gas．

　　C．hot gas rushes out of its bottom．

　　D．hot gas rushes out of its neck．

　　第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46～50題，每題2分。共lO分)

　　下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

　　Houses of Future

　　What will houses be like in thirty years'time?No one really knows，but architects are trying topredict．________(46)．

　　Future houses will have to be flexible．In thirty years'time even more of us will be working fromhome．So we will have to be able to use areas of the house for work for part of the day and for livingfor the rest．Families grow and change with children arriving，growing up and leaving home． _________(47)，nothing will be as fixed as it is now．The house will always be changing to meetchanging needs．

　　Everyone agrees that in thirty yeasr's time we will be living in"intelligent"houses．We will beable to talk to our kitchen machines and discuss with them what to do．Like this，"we'll be haying aparty this weekend．What food shall we cook?"_________(48)．We will be able to leave most ofthe cooking to the machines，just tasting things from time to time to check．

　　The house of the future will be personal-each house，__________(49)，you won't haye to paintthem-you'll be able to tell the wall to change the color!And if you don't like the color the next day． You will be able to have a new one．______(50)．

　　A．you will be able to change the color of the wall easily

　　B．the only thing you won't be able to do is moving the house soreewhere else

　　C．a(chǎn)nd the machine will tell us what food we will have to buy and how t0 cook it

　　D．what will our home be like

　　E．the house of the future will have to grow and change with the family

　　F．the kids might take their bedrooms with them as thev have

　　第6部分：完形填空(第51～65題，每題1分，共15分)

　　下面的短文有15處空白，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

　　Seeing Red Means Danger Ahead

　　The color red often means danger and by paying attention，accidents can be prevented． In thefuture，the color red also may help__________(51)danger at construction sites．Thanks to new workby engineers，bridge supports or_________(52)kinds of materials could one dav contain a colorswitching material．It will turn red__________(53)a structure collapses or falls apart．

　　The secret_________(54)the color switching material is a particular type of molecule(分子)． A molecule is a group of atoms(原子)held together by chemical bonds．Molecules come (55)all shapes and sizes，and make up___________(56)．You can see，touch or feel．How a mole． cule behaves depends on___________(57)kinds of atoms it contains，and how thev're held together．

　　When a polymer(聚合物)containing a color switching molecule called a mechanophore(機(jī)械響應(yīng)性聚合物)which is about to break，it produce a__________(58)．When a polymer withmechanophore molecules becomes"injured"or_______________(59)，one of the mechanophore bonds__________(60)and the material turns red．"It's a really simple detection method．"says NancySottos，one of the scientists who worked on the project． Sottos and her team tested the color switc． hing polymers in their lab．The test__________(61)proved encouraging．

　　There is a way to get rid of the color．light．When a bright light is shone on the mechanophore．

　　The broken bond is fixed and the red color____________(62)．This"self-healing"may be a Problemfor engineers．They need to use the color changer in big construction projects that will be

　　(63)in sunlight．And sunlight will make the mechanophore's warming system_________(64)． Sottos and her fellow scientists still have______________(65)work to do before．The color switc． hing molecules can be used outside the lab．

　　51．A．throw B．prevent C．create D．keep

　　52．A．other B．a(chǎn)nother C．the other D．others

　　53．A．until B．a(chǎn)lthough C．a(chǎn)fter D．before

　　54．A．on B．behind C．under D．down

　　55．A．for B．in C．from D．a(chǎn)t

　　56．A．nothing B．a(chǎn)nyone C．someone D．everything

　　57．A．why B．how C．what D．where

　　58．A.color B．trouble C．what D．where

　　59．A．strong B．soff C．weak D．time

　　60．A．closes B．breaks C．increases D．bums

　　61．A．results B．rules C．tools D．methods

　　62．A．repairs B．controls C．finishes D．disappears

　　63．A．inside B．beside C．outside D．a(chǎn)bove

　　64．A．dangerous B．useless C．helpful D．important

　　65．A．a(chǎn) part of B．a(chǎn) type of C．a(chǎn) lot of D．a(chǎn) part of

　　2010年全國職稱英語理工類（C級）考試參考答案

　　第1部分：詞匯選項

　　1． B[解析]本句話的意思是公司有權(quán)在任何時候與他終止勞動關(guān)系。provide，offer：提供；continue：繼續(xù)；只有stop和end同義，為終止、結(jié)束的意思。

　　2． D [解析]本句話的意思是在這個過程中，光能轉(zhuǎn)化成熱能。reduce，drop：減少； leave to：留給；只有claange同convert，意為轉(zhuǎn)化。

　　3． A[解析]本句話的意思是她放棄了工作開始寫詩。abantlon：主動放棄，同give up； lost：被動丟失，不符；take the job，搭配不當(dāng)；create：創(chuàng)造，語意不通。

　　4． B [解析]本句話的意思是我們非常高興地宣布今年的業(yè)績輝煌。risky：有風(fēng)險的； successful：成功的，同booming；failing：失敗的；open：開放的。

　　5． C [解析]本句話的意思是我們一起渡過了艱難的時期。diffocult：艱難，同mugh； long：長時間的；happy：快樂的；short：短時間的。

　　6． D [解析]本句話的意思是小偷在離村子兩英里的地方被抓住了。found：找到；killed：被殺；jailed：投進(jìn)監(jiān)獄；caught：抓住，同capturecl。

　　7． D[解析]本句話的意思是如果我留下來，未來有哪些晉升的機(jī)會呢?retirement：退休；advertisement：廣告；replacement：替代；advancement：提升、晉升，同promotion。

　　8． A[解析]本句話的意思是我建議我們下一次會上討論這個。demancl，order，request均意為強(qiáng)烈的要求；只有suggest意為建議、提議。

　　9． A [解析]本句話的意思是R0dman見Tony，希望能解決關(guān)于他合同上的糾紛。solve：解決，同settle；avoid：避免；mark：標(biāo)記；involve：陷入，涉及。

　　10．A[解析]本句話的意思是你能給出一個具體的例子來支持你的觀點(diǎn)么?specific：具體的，同concrete；real：真實的；special：特別的；goocl：好的。

　　11．B [解析]本句話的意思是這幅畫太棒了，色彩和光影的運(yùn)用特別巧妙。large：大； wonclerful：棒、好極了，同fascinating(夢幻的，很好的)；new：新的；famlliar：熟悉的。

　　12．D [解析]本句話的意思是，我們在社會問題的解決方法上已有了重大的改變。quick：快速；regulaur：尋常的；clear：清晰的；greal：重大的，偉大的，同marked(具有標(biāo)志性意義的)。

　　13．D[解析]本句話的意思是當(dāng)我看到電話賬單時，我驚呆了。excited：激動；aJlgry：生氣；lost：迷失了；surpEised：驚訝，同slIOCked(震驚，驚呆)。

　　14．A [解析]本句話的意思是警察取得指紋，確認(rèn)了尸體的身份。recognize：確認(rèn)，認(rèn)出，同identity(確認(rèn))；missed：錯過；discovered：發(fā)現(xiàn)；touch：觸摸。

　　15．C[解析]本句話的意思是如果我們現(xiàn)在走，應(yīng)該可以避免交通高峰。mix：混合； stop：停止；avoid;避免，同miss(錯過，想念)．direct：指導(dǎo)。

　　第2部分：閱讀判斷

　　16．A[解析]文章第一段的倒數(shù)第三句就說到至少有七條地質(zhì)斷層穿越舊金山而過。

　　17．C[解析]文章雖然說舊金山大地震的破壞力非常之大，但是沒有明確指出其程度是美國歷史之最，所以是"not ment：ionecl"。

　　18．A[解析]文章中說到較大一點(diǎn)的地震其速度至少會超過3500米，而問題為舊金山大地震時斷層滑動最快的速度可以到達(dá)多少，根據(jù)邏輯推斷，應(yīng)該是超過3500米，所以正確。

　　19．B [解析]文章第五段的第二句話就說到1906年前地震頻繁，所以題干錯誤。

　　20．B [解析]雖然文章的五、六兩段都闡述了科學(xué)家們做的積極準(zhǔn)備，以及新建建筑物的牢固程度，但之后又話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，說還有84％的老樓不夠安全，而在最后一段，也提及人們的心態(tài)似乎比較放松，沒有較多的憂患意識，因此來判斷該題不正確。

　　21．C[解析]第五段的最后一句話說科學(xué)家們預(yù)測到62％地震發(fā)生的概率，但是這并不意味著科學(xué)家們就能預(yù)測出準(zhǔn)確的時間，最后一段也說明這是個時間問題，而沒有明確說明時間，所以該題選擇沒有提及。

　　22．A[解析]本題如上題，科學(xué)家們預(yù)測出了地震發(fā)生的概率為62％，同時最后一句話說只是時間問題，可見，大地震襲擊舊金山是不可避免的。

　　參考譯文

　　大地震要來了?

　　居住在舊金山的每個人都知道海灣地區(qū)易發(fā)生地震，并且它們可以是毀滅性的。例如在1906年，一場大地震摧毀了28，000幢建筑并奪去了成千上萬人的性命。舊金山的居民們都在擔(dān)心下一場這樣的世紀(jì)大地震何時到來。這勢必會發(fā)生，因為至少有七條活躍的地質(zhì)斷層線穿過舊金山。斷層指的是地殼之間發(fā)生相互滑動的位置，當(dāng)斷層面滑動時，地震就發(fā)生了。

　　為了做好防范，科學(xué)家們采用了一些新技術(shù)再次分析1906年大地震，來預(yù)測下一場地震來時，會造成多大的破壞。

　　一個新的發(fā)現(xiàn)就是1906年大地震時，舊金山斷層滑移的速度比科學(xué)家們原先預(yù)想的要快一些。發(fā)生小地震時，斷層斷裂的速度是每秒2700米。而大一點(diǎn)的地震，移動的速度可以超過每秒3500米。

　　如此之快的速度將產(chǎn)生巨大的壓力，其所生成的地震波比地震本身的破壞力更為強(qiáng)大。而舊金山幸運(yùn)的是，地震時壓力脈沖的運(yùn)行遠(yuǎn)離了城市，否則損失將更為巨大，盡管破壞已經(jīng)夠嚴(yán)重的了。

　　放眼未來，科學(xué)家們正在預(yù)測下一場地震何時會來。記錄顯示，在1096年前，地震就經(jīng)常發(fā)生。1906年之后，地殼似乎安靜了一些。但根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在2032年之前，下一場大地震襲擊海灣地區(qū)的可能性至少有62％。

　　現(xiàn)在，盡管舊金山新建的大樓為了預(yù)防地震建造得十分堅固、安全，但仍有84％的建筑物老、舊危險。分析數(shù)據(jù)顯示，下一場大地震很可能會造成巨大的損失。

　　由于地殼運(yùn)動漸漸平復(fù)，居住在舊金山的人們安全感漸長。但根據(jù)最新的研究，大地震終將發(fā)生，只是時間的問題。

　　第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

　　23．E [解析]第一段開篇就說手機(jī)發(fā)明到現(xiàn)在幾近四分之一個世紀(jì)，又對比了手機(jī)早期和近期在功能上的不同，可以想見是在敘述手機(jī)的歷史。

　　24．C [解析]第二段講手機(jī)在人們的生活中十分普及，許多人離不開手機(jī)，用于各個場合，因而意在說明手機(jī)存在于每個人的生活中。

　　25．A[解析]第三段例舉了手機(jī)對于家人聯(lián)系上的作用，有助于減少家庭的誤會糾紛，有助于父母聯(lián)系孩子，因而講的是同家庭的關(guān)系。

　　26．F [解析]最后一段第一句就說明了該段要講的是手機(jī)帶來的問題，段中舉了青少年的例子，因此D選項有一定的迷惑性，但是縱觀全段，還是不局限于只描寫青少年，因此選F。

　　27．F[解析]文中原文：flow tlaere are countless new facilities

　　28．A [解析]文中原文：cell plnones are tlseclin every area 0f our liyes ancIllave Ilecome anecessary tool

　　29．B [解析]文中原文：we can use cell phones to let our family know we'll be late or iftlaere's a sudden change of plan or an emergency

　　30．C [解析]文中原文：tlley have brought with tllem a number of new IleaclacIles for their owners

　　參考譯文

　　手機(jī)

　　無論你信不信，手機(jī)的誕生到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)近四分之一個世紀(jì)了。1979年，日本研發(fā)了第一個商業(yè)手機(jī)系統(tǒng)，當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)在的手機(jī)系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)更新了好幾代了。早期的手機(jī)又大又重，而現(xiàn)在它已經(jīng)變得如巴掌般大小輕巧。且在功能上有了飛躍式的改進(jìn)。呼叫轉(zhuǎn)接、發(fā)短信、答錄功能和免提功能，這些早已出現(xiàn)，但現(xiàn)在又有了數(shù)不盡的新功能，如即時上網(wǎng)和收發(fā)圖片。

　　手機(jī)早已在人們的生活中普及，最新的數(shù)據(jù)顯示世界每三個人中就有一個擁有手機(jī)，并且很多人說他們離不開手機(jī)。生活的各個方面都可能需要用到手機(jī)，它已成為一項必備的工具，用于社交和商業(yè)場合。如果你的車在高速公路上出現(xiàn)事故，手機(jī)能迅捷地為你呼叫幫助。當(dāng)人們在"四處奔波"時，即旅游的時候，也能夠保持聯(lián)系。

　　手機(jī)使得人們的聯(lián)系更為便捷并且在一定程度上減少了家人之間的爭辯。當(dāng)我們要遲到、臨時變更計劃或發(fā)生突發(fā)緊急事件時，我們可以及時通知家人。手機(jī)使得成千上萬的父母放下心來，當(dāng)他們的孩子外出晚歸時，他們可以隨時保持聯(lián)系。

　　但這也并不意味著手機(jī)帶來的都是好處。它同時也給主人帶來了一系列麻煩事：如果你手機(jī)遭竊，那么再買一個的成本也不小，這恐怕也是家常便飯的事了。另外，你要為話費(fèi)賬單花很多錢。還有更為潛在的健康問題，人們擔(dān)心手機(jī)的輻射可能會導(dǎo)致腦腫瘤。這對于那些由手機(jī)陪伴成長的青少年來說，無疑是一枚定時炸彈。

　　第4部分：閱讀理解

　　第一篇

　　31．D [解析]本句話的譯文為每年冬天北極附近的北冰洋開始結(jié)冰，build為結(jié)冰的意思，expanel有容積擴(kuò)張的意思，所以與build相符；而construct為修筑、建筑的意思，所以不能選。

　　32．A [解析]原文為by the end of summer 2007，the ice had shrunk to cover just．4．2 million square kilometers．

　　33．A[解析]第五段的最后一句話和第六段的第一、二句話說明了科學(xué)家們推測冰川融化的原因，一為強(qiáng)風(fēng)；二為較少的云，即clear skies。

　　34．D[解析]據(jù)第七段的第一句話with both air antl water getting warmer可知。

　　35．C [解析]本文講述的科學(xué)家們擔(dān)心氣溫上升、冰川融化，最后一句話體現(xiàn)了主旨，所以選C。

　　參考譯文

　　北極冰山融化

　　地球的北極和南極都以冰冷聞名。但是，去年北冰洋上的冰含量跌到了歷史最低點(diǎn)。

　　正常情況下，每年冬天北極附近的北冰洋開始結(jié)冰，并在夏天縮減。但是多年以來，夏天結(jié)束時冰的含量在下降。

　　自從1979年以來，每10年在夏季末的冰覆蓋量都下降11．4％。在1981到2000年之間，北極冰的厚度下降了22％，變成了1．13米這么薄。

　　去年，北極的冰雪覆蓋達(dá)到了最薄的程度。在2007年夏天快結(jié)束的時候，冰層已經(jīng)縮減到只覆蓋420萬平方公里。這比往年的平均覆蓋面積少38％，比2年前最低記錄少23％。這個持續(xù)的趨勢令科學(xué)家們?nèi)f分擔(dān)憂。

　　冰雪融化有許多原因，西雅圖華盛頓大學(xué)的海洋學(xué)家張金倫說，有許多原因?qū)е铝吮鶎尤诨�。極不尋常的強(qiáng)風(fēng)去年刮過大西洋，把大西洋中部的冰吹散去，留下大面積的薄冰和沒有冰覆蓋的海面。

　　科學(xué)家們還懷疑在大西洋上空有跟過去相比越來越少的云層。晴朗的天空使更多的陽光照射大西洋。額外的熱量使水和空氣都變得溫暖。去年大西洋的部分海域，表面溫度比平均溫度高3．5攝氏度，比歷史最高點(diǎn)還高1．5攝氏度。

　　由于空氣和水都變暖，冰從上面和下面都開始融化。在波弗特海的部分海域，阿拉斯加的北部和加拿大的西部，夏天開始時冰的厚度為3．3米，但到了季末僅僅為50厘米。

　　新的測量表明，情況遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)比科學(xué)家們僅僅從表面上看到的嚴(yán)重得多。新罕布什爾州漢諾威市的地球物理學(xué)家Donald K．Perovich如是說。

　　一些科學(xué)家擔(dān)心北極已經(jīng)深陷變熱的趨勢不能恢復(fù)。

　　第二篇

　　36．C[解析]前文提到科學(xué)家們沒有可能去觀察每一個地方的氣候變化現(xiàn)象，所以邀請普通人為他們觀察、收集信息。

　　37．B [解析]根據(jù)"sentltlaeii'obseivations to a giant dataJbase t0 be obsetveclby professional scientists''可得知。

　　38．B [解析]根據(jù)后文"a few minutes each day 0r each week to gather data and sencIitin"，可見就是對citizen scientist的描述。

　　39．A[解析]文章全文都在說普通人參與科學(xué)研究的項目，因此，只有A選項不符合。其他選項都能在文中找出。

　　40．D [解析]問題為final purpose，所以選D，跳過C。

　　參考譯文

　　公民科學(xué)家

　　理解大自然對氣候變化有怎樣的反應(yīng)需要監(jiān)視世界各個角落的關(guān)鍵的生命周期現(xiàn)象--花開、葉子的出現(xiàn)，第一只青蛙叫出春天的到來。但是生態(tài)學(xué)家不可能去到世界的各個角落，所以他們有時也向被稱作公民科學(xué)家的非科學(xué)家求助。

　　氣象科學(xué)家不可能足跡遍及天下。因為在世界上有如此多的地方，沒有足夠的科學(xué)家來觀察它們。所以他們請求你來幫助觀察全世界氣候變化的跡象。公民科學(xué)家運(yùn)動鼓勵普通人根據(jù)自己的興趣來觀察某一個特定的方面，如鳥兒、樹木、花蕾等等，并把他們的觀察結(jié)果發(fā)送到一個巨大的數(shù)據(jù)庫來供專業(yè)科學(xué)家研究。這有助于數(shù)量有限的科學(xué)家得到如果只靠他們自己根本收集不到的巨大數(shù)據(jù)。就像公民記者幫助報道傳統(tǒng)新聞報道方式所忽略的小型社區(qū)的相關(guān)信息一樣，公民科學(xué)家也對他們所居住的環(huán)境很熟悉。他們所需要做的就是每天或每周留出幾分鐘來搜集數(shù)據(jù)并發(fā)送過來。

　　一群科學(xué)家和教育家在去年發(fā)起了一個叫做"紐約國家"物候?qū)W組織。"物候?qū)W"就是科學(xué)家們所說的在自然中研究每個事件的時間。

　　其中一個小組的首要嘗試就是依靠科學(xué)家和非科學(xué)家來收集關(guān)于每年植物開花和長葉子的數(shù)據(jù)。這一項目叫做花季追蹤計劃，它收集遍布美國的各種各樣的植物生長周期的數(shù)據(jù)。參與這一項目的人們--這一計劃對所有人開放--把他們的觀察記錄在花季追蹤計劃網(wǎng)站上。

　　"人們不需要植物學(xué)家--他們僅僅需要環(huán)視四周看看周圍有什么"，Jennifer schwartz說，她是這項計劃的教育顧問。"通過收集數(shù)據(jù)，我們就能夠估算出氣候變化對植物和生物群落會有怎樣的影響。"

　　第三篇

　　41．D [解析]文章第一段第三句"The sky}las no color．"

　　42．A [解析]文章第二段第三句"Airplanes cannot fly very high beeause as they go higherthe air gets thinner．"

　　43．D [解析]文章第六段都在綜述氣球的飛行原理，來解釋火箭的工作原理，因此選D。

　　44．D[解析]文章中第七段倒數(shù)第二句"There is gas inside the rocket which is macle veryhot．"但并沒有說明是burning，所以不對。

　　45．C[解析]文章倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句話"Wllen it rushes out ofthe end of the rocket．"

　　參考譯文

　　天空中的火箭

　　如果有人問你，天空是什么顏色?我想你一定會回答，藍(lán)色。但遺憾的是，恐怕這個答案不對。天空其實是沒有顏色的。我們?nèi)庋鬯�見到的藍(lán)色，是因為我們看到的是藍(lán)色的陽光。

　　這是由于陽光照射空氣中的塵埃造成的。

　　我們知道，空氣無處不在。沒有空氣，我們就不能呼吸。沒有空氣，飛機(jī)也不能飛行。因為它需要空氣來抬升它的機(jī)翼。飛機(jī)無法飛得過高，因為越往上走，空氣就越稀薄。如果我們離地球足夠遠(yuǎn)，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)空氣不存在了。

　　那么天空是什么呢?天空就是宇宙。在這個空間之中只有太陽、月亮和數(shù)不清的星星。

　　科學(xué)家們總是想探索更多的宇宙空間。他們已經(jīng)從電子望遠(yuǎn)鏡的鏡頭里知道了很多。

　　月亮離地球的距離有384，000公里。飛機(jī)飛不過月球，但有一樣?xùn)|西能在沒有空氣的情況下抵達(dá)，它就是火箭。

　　我相信你會問，火箭怎么飛呢?如果你想知道，那么就拿個氣球，吹大它吧。當(dāng)它足夠大快要吹破時，不要綁氣球的頸部，放飛它。你會看到，氣球飛速地飛向空氣之中。氣球中的空氣也迅速地逃出。正是空氣的逃選，才使得氣球飛向空中。所以它不像飛機(jī)那樣需要翅膀。

　　這就是火箭工作的原理。當(dāng)然它不是由橡膠，而是金屬做成的，一種很輕但很堅固的金屬。火箭中的燃?xì)馐軣崤蛎�，從底部噴涌而出，從而推動火箭沖向天空。

　　火箭可飛出地球，前往廣闊的宇宙。載人火箭已經(jīng)抵達(dá)過月球。也有一些無人火箭已經(jīng)飛向更遙遠(yuǎn)的太空。我們相信有一天，火箭將帶我們到達(dá)宇宙中任何一個想去的地方。

　　第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文

　　46．D[解析]譯文為我們未來的房子會是如何呢，剛好與第一段第一句相對應(yīng)。

　　47．E[解析]譯文為房子也會隨著家庭的變化而變化，與前文中房子隨著孩子的成長而變化想對應(yīng)。

　　48．C[解析]譯文為智能機(jī)器會告訴我們需買的食材和烹飪的方法，與文章中智能機(jī)器如何工作相符。

　　49．A[解析]譯文為要改變墻體的顏色非常容易，與下文中改變墻體顏色相關(guān)。

　　50．B [解析]譯文為也許唯一一件你不能改變的事就是把房子移到其他地方去而已，與上文中可以隨心所欲做任何事相符。

　　參考譯文

　　未來的房子

　　30年后的房子會是什么樣的呢?沒人真的知道，但建筑師們卻猜想著。到那時，我們的房子會是什么樣呢?

　　未來的房子應(yīng)該是非常靈活的。將來的30年中，我們中會有更多的人在家工作。所以我們的房子要設(shè)計出用于白天工作的空間，其他的則要用于生活起居。而房子也隨著孩子的降臨、成長和離家有所變化。自然，房子也會隨著家庭的變化而變化。沒有什么事是像我們現(xiàn)在這樣一成不變的，房子總在變化著來適應(yīng)我們的需求。

　　每個人都認(rèn)同未來我們將住進(jìn)智能型房屋的觀點(diǎn)。我們將有可能和廚房里的機(jī)器對話．探討做什么飯。像這樣，"我們這周末有一個聚會，做什么飯菜好呢?"而智能機(jī)器則會告訴我們需買的食材和烹飪的方法。我們只需把食材交給機(jī)器，然后時不時去嘗下味道就好。

　　未來的房子將會相當(dāng)?shù)膫�性化。要改變墻體的顏色非常容易，你甚至都不用去粉刷它們，只要對墻說：變色!就搞定了!而且如果你第二天不愛這個顏色了，你馬上又可以換新的。也許唯一一件你不能改變的事就是把房子移到其他地方去而已。

　　第6部分：完形填空

　　51．B [解析]原文中用also may help，說明應(yīng)填與上文prevent相似的詞句，throw投擲， create創(chuàng)造，keep保持，都與之不符，所以是prevent。

　　52．A[解析]bridge supports意為橋梁支柱，后用or連接，是指與橋梁支柱同樣的事物，所以插入語部分應(yīng)該指"其他建筑材料"。another后跟名詞單數(shù)。the other使用時一般在前面有對比參照物。others本身就是指代名詞，后不需要再有詞語。other指代其他的，后可跟名詞。

　　53．D [解析]本句意為當(dāng)建筑物要倒塌時，它會變成紅色。那么按照邏輯推理，應(yīng)該是倒塌前變紅色，才會起作用，所以before符合題意；although顯然文不對題；until與after，邏輯不對。

　　54．B [解析]習(xí)慣用法，secret behind指什么東西背后的秘密；under也有底下的意思，但更多是強(qiáng)調(diào)地理空間上的；用于抽象事物，多用behind。

　　55．D [解析]come at shapes and sizes，習(xí)慣用法。

　　56．D[解析]本句的意思是分子本身形狀不一，但構(gòu)成了各種我們?nèi)庋鬯�看到的事物�?make up，組成；you can see做前面賓語的補(bǔ)語。根據(jù)上下文文意，應(yīng)選擇eveiything。

　　57．C [解析]本句的譯文為分子的行為取決于組合成分子的原子種類和他們的組合方式。所以kind前應(yīng)加what。

　　58．A [解析]前文一直提示分子變色紅色，所以在此情景下，選顏色是符合全文主題的。

　　59．C[解析]譯文為當(dāng)這個分子受傷和……時，所以應(yīng)選擇和injured相平行的詞語，相比strong、soft、hard，weak脆弱，比較符合。

　　60．B[解析]前文為bond，意為聯(lián)系，后文說到變紅，說明不是在常態(tài)之下，那么聯(lián)系是常態(tài)，聯(lián)系斷開才與紅相對應(yīng)，所以選break。

　　61．A[解析]本句意為其實驗結(jié)果令人振奮。所以應(yīng)選results。

　　62．D[解析]前文說斷裂的聯(lián)系從新凝合，那么紅色相對應(yīng)的，就應(yīng)是消失、退去。

　　63．C[解析]后文有in sunlght，理解為材料暴露在太陽之下，選outside。

　　64．B [解析]前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，前面說到是問題，又有warning system的說法，應(yīng)該是使之失效的意思，選useless。

　　65．C[解析]譯文應(yīng)該為在變色分子可用于實踐之前，Sottos和她的團(tuán)隊還需要做很多的努力。所以選a lot of合適。

　　參考譯文

　　看見紅，危險近

　　紅色總是意味著危險，需要你注意，才能避免事故。將來，紅色也可以在建筑領(lǐng)域上起到規(guī)避危險的作用。多虧了工程師們的新發(fā)明，橋梁支柱或是其他的建筑材料，在未來可以加進(jìn)一種變色的物質(zhì)。在建筑物倒塌前會變成紅色。

　　為什么材料會變色呢，那是因為其里面一種特殊的分子。分子是由一組原子通過化學(xué)鍵而構(gòu)成的。分子的形狀、大小各有不同，卻組成了我們所看到、觸摸到和感覺到的一切事物。分子的行為取決于組合成分子的原子種類和他們的組合方式。

　　當(dāng)某種包含變色分子的聚合物(術(shù)語稱之為機(jī)械響應(yīng)性聚合物)要破裂時，會產(chǎn)生一中新顏色。當(dāng)這種聚合物"受傷受挫"時，外在的材料就會變紅。"這是一種很簡單的跟蹤方法"，研究項目的一位科學(xué)家Nancy sottos說。sottos和她的團(tuán)隊在實驗室測試這種變色的聚合物。其實驗結(jié)果令人振奮。

　　能消除這個紅色的辦法就是光。當(dāng)一束強(qiáng)光打在聚合物上時，斷裂的聯(lián)系就重新凝合了，紅色也漸漸消失了。但這種自我修復(fù)的功能恐怕對工程師來說是個難題。他們需要在暴露于陽光之下的大建設(shè)項目中使用換色器。而陽光則會破壞機(jī)械響應(yīng)性聚合物的警報系統(tǒng)，使之無用武之地。

　　在變色分子這項技術(shù)之前，Sottos和她的團(tuán)隊還需要做很多的努力。